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There is growing interest in healthcare and occupational health settings in the potential of complementary health interventions involving the natural environment and the role of biodiversity restoration. We refer to integrated nature-based interventions when these interventions aim to integrate biodiversity restoration in the vicinity of the healthcare facility and guidance of target groups in this natural environment for health purposes, each with its challenges. This way, healthcare facilities can simultaneously contribute to human and planetary health. Despite the potential, this type of interventions is still a relatively new phenomenon. There is a need for a science and practice-based quality framework to support the design, implementation and evaluation of integrated nature-based interventions.

This doctoral research explored the underlying quality criteria of integrated nature-based interventions, and resulted in a conceptual quality framework with nine quality criteria and a checklist. This doctoral thesis has contributed to the operationalization of the human-nature-health intersection and the design, implementation and evaluation of evidence-based integrated nature-based interventions in the healthcare sector.